What is known as the distal nail plate?

The correct choice identifies the free edge as the distal portion of the nail plate, which extends beyond the fingertip. This part of the nail is not embedded in the finger and is susceptible to wear and tear, making it the portion most exposed to environmental factors.

The nail plate itself is the hard, protective layer that forms the visible part of the nail. It is important to understand that the free edge represents the part of the nail that is removed during a manicure or when nails are trimmed. Maintaining the health of the free edge is essential as it contributes to the overall appearance and functionality of the nail.

The other terms mentioned refer to different components of the nail structure. The nail matrix is the area where nail growth occurs; the nail bed is the skin underneath the nail plate that supports it; and the lunula is the crescent-shaped white area at the base of the nail plate, which is also a part of the nail growth process. Understanding these terms helps clarify the unique function and location of the distal nail plate and its relevance in nail technology.